锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷:PostScript 之锟斤拷: 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈, 栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

Emre Demiralp

锟斤拷锟竭斤拷锟杰ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷斯坦锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟睫诧拷锟斤拷学院锟斤拷一锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷同时也锟斤拷锟斤拷斯坦锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷系锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞碉拷锟斤拷业墓锟斤拷锟皆敝伙拷锟斤拷锟叫┦碉拷锟斤拷业锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较低筹拷锟絃INUX锟斤拷

锟斤拷趣: PovRay锟斤拷PostScript锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷CD锟斤拷疲锟斤拷锟教ｏ拷全息锟斤拷影锟斤拷锟饺等★拷1994锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿狶INUX锟矫伙拷锟斤拷

PostScript之锟斤拷-锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

摘要:

锟斤拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟皆成斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷
-锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�-

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷PostScript锟斤拷锟皆的诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷牟锟斤拷锟斤拷嵌圆锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟饺拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解将锟节猴拷锟斤拷锟铰斤拷锟叫硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟皆ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟角第讹拷篇锟斤拷锟斤拷 PostScript 锟斤拷系锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰★拷锟斤拷锟侥碉拷锟斤拷要目锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟侥诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 PostScript 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟侥诧拷锟街★拷锟斤拷值锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟姐、循锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭硷拷锟斤拷锟姐都锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥存储锟斤拷锟节斤拷锟叫★拷锟角的ｏ拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷拇娲拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� PostScript 锟斤拷锟斤拷执锟叫硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷傻牟锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷院锟斤拷锟饺筹拷锟侥癸拷锟津保筹拷锟斤拷息锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷园锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷蠡锟揭伙拷锟揭伙拷朔锟秸的碉拷锟杰★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥筹拷锟绞憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷峤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷械亩锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷盏锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷头懦锟斤拷占洹ｏ拷锟剿ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷肟拷诘锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟节碉拷元锟截匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟诫、锟斤拷锟捷块…锟斤拷

栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷然锟斤拷栈锟节碉拷元锟斤拷锟窖撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟津，碉拷同时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一些锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰讹拷锟斤拷些元锟截斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟斤拷应锟斤拷锟节讹拷栈锟节碉拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟截★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟戒定锟斤拷锟斤拷荻锟秸伙拷诘锟皆拷亍锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷欠锟斤拷锟揭拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� PostScript 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫憋拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫的诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺憋拷锟诫被锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷小锟街拷螅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫╋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺★拷锟接︼拷亩锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷歉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫╋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷斜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较革拷锟剿碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷腔锟斤拷诤锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一些锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较革拷凇锟�

pop: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷删锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟诫）锟斤拷元锟截★拷

exch: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟截★拷

dup: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟皆拷夭锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷元锟截★拷

copy: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要一锟斤拷锟斤拷执锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷筒锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵诧拷锟斤拷为n锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� n copy 锟斤拷锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷珊锟轿伙拷锟秸伙拷锟斤拷锟絥锟斤拷元锟截的匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷为一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷囟锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟叫★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷copy 锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

index: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要一锟斤拷锟斤拷执锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷筒锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵诧拷锟斤拷为n锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� n index 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷珊锟秸伙拷锟斤拷锟絥锟斤拷元锟截碉拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷乇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷index 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷选锟叫诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟节诧拷元锟截ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷凇锟皆拷氐锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟皆拷锟轿拷憧硷拷锟�

roll: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷执锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷筒锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷欠直锟轿猰锟斤拷n锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� m n index 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷m指锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩oll锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷n指锟斤拷锟斤拷转锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟轿癸拷转锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷元锟截憋拷为栈锟节的碉拷m锟斤拷元锟截ｏ拷锟斤拷原栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰碉拷m-1锟斤拷元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟狡讹拷一锟斤拷位锟矫★拷锟剿癸拷锟斤拷只锟斤拷n为1时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷n为2时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿癸拷转锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷m 2 roll 锟斤拷效锟斤拷 m 1 roll m 1 roll 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷n锟斤拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷n为锟斤拷锟斤拷时锟洁反锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷味锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 m n roll m -n roll 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷魏锟叫э拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫伙拷懈谋锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷元锟截碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷元锟斤拷为锟姐开始锟斤拷

clear: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷删锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟节碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟截★拷

count: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷诘锟皆拷馗锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿伙拷锟斤拷锟皆拷囟锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟节★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭拷锟斤拷锟皆拷兀锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� count pstack pop 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷count锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥斤拷锟斤拷诒锟斤拷募锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧stack执锟斤拷时锟斤拷示锟斤拷pop锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫从诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷删锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟截★拷

mark: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟节凤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷欠锟斤拷锟�-marktype-锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷乜锟斤拷越锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷诘锟皆拷鼗锟斤拷殖锟斤拷蛹锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� cleartomark 锟斤拷 counttomark 锟斤拷执锟斤拷时锟斤拷要锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷寻锟斤拷元锟截★拷锟斤拷锟揭诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷系统锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷息锟斤拷

cleartomark: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷删锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟节达拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷始锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷欠锟� -marktype- 之锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷兀锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� -marktype- 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷没锟斤拷 -marktype- 元锟截ｏ拷锟斤拷系统锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷息锟斤拷

counttomark: 锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟节碉拷栈锟斤拷元锟截匡拷始锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷直锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 -marktype- 元锟斤拷为止锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟街碉拷锟斤拷锟轿拷锟斤拷锟皆拷乇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 -marktype- 元锟截诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街碉拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟矫伙拷锟� -marktype- 元锟截ｏ拷锟斤拷 PostScript 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷息锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿何诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟铰讹拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷肟达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷喜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街达拷泄锟斤拷蹋锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� PostScript 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节碉拷一篇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟结到锟侥ｏ拷LINUX 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷一锟街癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷-- ghostscript 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫革拷锟斤拷锟绞碉拷锟侥诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷gostsript 锟斤拷锟皆诧拷同锟侥凤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷只要锟斤拷 X锟斤拷锟节伙拷锟斤拷锟铰硷拷锟斤拷 gs 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷X锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解，锟斤拷时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿★拷锟斤拷时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷薹锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷图锟轿匡拷锟狡达拷锟节的达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷息锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷芙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解，锟斤拷要锟斤拷使 gostscript 使锟斤拷x11锟斤拷锟斤拷锟借备锟斤拷为锟剿ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 gs -sDEVICE=x11 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥伙拷锟角诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 gs锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷幕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷岽达拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷诨峄帮拷诩锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷木锟斤拷邪锟缴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷目瞻状锟斤拷凇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷氡撅拷锟斤拷薰兀锟斤拷锟斤拷遣锟斤拷锟揭拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟斤拷冢锟斤拷锟斤拷园锟斤拷锟饺ワ拷锟斤拷锟轿拷锟侥匡拷锟�,锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 gs 锟斤拷 gs -sDEVICE=x11 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 -dNODISPLAY 使 gostscript 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟襟不达拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟节★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷耍锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟揭伙拷伟锟饺拷锟斤拷锟街拷螅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟叫的匡拷始锟斤拷锟斤拷 gostscript 锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷GS>锟斤拷锟斤拷时锟斤拷gostscript 锟斤拷锟皆达拷锟斤拷锟矫伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷恕锟斤拷锟绞憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷强盏摹锟�

为锟介看锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟捷ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞癸拷锟斤拷募锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�-- pstack 锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷锟皆憋拷锟斤拷为锟侥硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷息锟斤拷锟斤拷确省锟斤拷锟斤拷幕锟侥憋拷准锟斤拷锟斤拷募锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟筋，锟斤拷没锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟轿何讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟叫的匡拷始锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷GS>锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷说锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟角空的★拷

为元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷亍锟斤拷锟斤拷纾拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷锟�1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�1锟酵匡拷锟斤拷锟剿★拷之锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟叫的匡拷始锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷碌锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞憋拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紾S>锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷GS<1>锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰碉拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷元锟截的革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷耍锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟� gostscript 锟结话锟节硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟� GS<123> 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷味锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷123锟斤拷元锟截★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷尾锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷亍锟轿拷耍锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷元锟截ｏ拷锟斤拷锟矫空革拷挚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷纾拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�1 2 3 4 5 6 锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟斤拷1,2,3,4,5,6锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷执锟斤拷pstack锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟截伙拷锟皆达拷直顺锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷械亩曰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟斤拷拢锟�

GS>1 2 3 4 5 6 
GS<6>pstack
6
5
4
3
2
1
GS<6>

锟斤拷一锟轿碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷实锟斤拷元锟截碉拷锟斤拷锟诫并锟斤拷示锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷也锟角匡拷锟杰的★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟节斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷睾锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷pstack锟斤拷锟筋，锟斤拷锟斤拷

GS>1 2 3 4 5 6 pstack
6
5
4
3
2
1
GS<6>

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷为止锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷囟锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷帧锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿ㄒ伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷锟斤拷锟斤拷停锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷偷锟皆拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷搿拷址锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷菘锟饺★拷锟斤拷锟角伙拷锟节猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷细锟桔硷拷锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角憋拷锟斤拷说锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷绲ワ拷锟斤拷址锟絘锟斤拷锟街凤拷锟斤拷abc时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷执锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿� PostScript 锟睫凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷址锟斤拷锟斤拷址锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷虢拷锟斤拷锟斤拷茫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿э拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷峒耙伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿� marktype 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵碉拷元锟截★拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷曰锟斤拷锟斤拷樱锟�

GS>1 2 3 mark 4 5 6 pstack
6
5
4
-marktype-
3
2
1
GS<7>

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一些锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟捷诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟侥诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟皆伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷说锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷玫模锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭恍★拷冢锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷慕锟斤拷锟剿碉拷锟斤拷锟�

GS>1 2 3 mark 4 5 6 pstack
6
5
4
-marktype-
3
2
1
GS<7>pop pstack
5
4
-marktype
3 
2
1
GS<6>exch pstack
4
5
-marktype
3
2
1
GS<6>dup pstack
4
4
5
-marktype-
3
2
1
GS<7>2 copy pstack
4
4
4
4
5
-marktype
3
2
1
GS<9>5 index pstack
-marktype-
4
4
4
4
5
-marktype
3
2
1
GS<10>cleartomark cleartomark pstack
3
2
1
GS<3>3 1 roll pstack
2
1
3
GS<3>count pstack
3
2
1
3
GS<4>mark 7 8 pstack
8
7
-marktype-
3
2
1
3
GS<7>counttomark pstack
2
8
7
-marktype-
3
2
1
3
GS<8>clear pstack
GS>

锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟斤拷 PostScript 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟侥诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解，锟斤拷锟斤拷一些锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷歉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫╋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷没锟叫革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较的对伙拷锟斤拷锟接ｏ拷锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟斤拷应锟矫匡拷锟斤拷锟皆硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟接举筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

add: 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷臃锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷值锟酵诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷值为m锟斤拷n锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞疚� m n add 锟斤拷执锟斤拷时锟斤拷m锟斤拷n锟饺猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷墙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆拷锟斤拷锟接★拷锟矫诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷值为m锟斤拷n之锟酵碉拷锟斤拷元锟截★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷m锟斤拷n没锟叫憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟叫ｏ拷锟斤拷拥慕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷栈锟斤拷元锟截★拷

div: 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷值锟酵诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷值为m锟斤拷n锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞疚� m n div 锟斤拷锟斤拷执锟叫伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷add锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较斤拷锟叫★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟襟，斤拷锟斤拷锟轿拷锟皆拷锟斤拷锟斤拷诓锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷冢锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絤锟斤拷n锟斤拷

idiv: 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街碉拷筒锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街滴猰锟斤拷n锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞疚� m n idiv 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿该筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街拷猓拷锟斤拷锟街达拷谢锟斤拷贫锟斤拷锟� div 锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟姐。锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭诧拷锟街达拷锟斤拷锟饺ワ拷锟�

mod: 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷缘诙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷玫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街达拷锟绞э拷堋锟街达拷薪锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷玫慕锟斤拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟节★拷

mul: 同锟斤拷 add ,div 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷值锟酵诧拷锟斤拷锟侥讹拷锟斤拷锟狡诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫斤拷锟斤拷遣锟斤拷锟斤拷幕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿伙拷锟斤拷锟皆拷乇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷诓锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷小锟�

sub: 同锟斤拷 add ,div ,mul 锟斤拷唯一锟斤拷同之锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵★拷锟斤拷锟接碉拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫硷拷去锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷值锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街碉拷偷摹锟街达拷锟斤拷锟襟，斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷诓锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷凇锟�

exp: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷腔锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷诙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街达拷锟街革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷恪ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷莺锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷姆锟轿э拷凇锟斤拷锟斤拷媒锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷元锟截憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟节★拷

atan: 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷嵌锟街碉拷亩锟皆拷锟窖э拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫角讹拷值锟斤拷0锟饺猴拷360锟斤拷之锟戒。锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵第讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟饺达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷嵌鹊锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街碉拷锟斤拷魏锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿拷悖拷锟斤拷锟斤拷芏锟轿拷恪ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷姆锟斤拷啪锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷媒锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟睫★拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷值为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷y锟斤拷锟斤拷锟睫ｏ拷锟斤拷应锟截ｏ拷锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟斤拷锟睫★拷

abs: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街伙拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷媒锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥撅拷锟斤拷值锟斤拷同锟较ｏ拷锟剿斤拷锟斤拷锟轿伙拷锟斤拷锟皆拷乇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷诓锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷小锟�

neg: 锟侥憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫的诧拷锟斤拷锟侥凤拷锟脚★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

ceiling: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷圆锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺★拷锟斤拷锟�

floor: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷圆锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺★拷锟斤拷锟�

round: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

truncate: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺ワ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷帧锟�

sqrt: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷平锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

cos: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷值锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆角讹拷值锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

sin: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷值锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆角讹拷值锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

ln: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟斤拷值锟斤拷

log: 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷一元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷10为锟阶的讹拷锟斤拷值锟斤拷

锟节斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之前锟斤拷锟叫硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要指锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟结及锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角硷拷拥模锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 PostScript 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫憋拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰伙拷锟斤拷锟揭恍╋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷榉筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷狻ｏ拷锟斤拷睿拷锟� PostScript 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫憋拷锟斤拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟斤拷寻锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷业锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷潜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷茫锟斤拷锟斤拷冶锟斤拷硬锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟缴撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截革拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟节诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷栈锟叫诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟侥诧拷锟斤拷值锟斤拷锟斤拷锟筋，锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸伙拷锟皆拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵诧拷匹锟斤拷拇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷删锟斤拷栈锟斤拷锟斤拷一些元锟截★拷锟矫伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷注锟解到锟斤拷一锟姐。

锟节斤拷锟斤拷之前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要使锟斤拷 PostScript 锟斤拷锟矫伙拷去写一些锟斤拷锟接革拷锟接猴拷锟阶讹拷锟侥筹拷锟斤拷锟节憋拷系锟斤拷锟皆猴拷锟狡拷锟斤拷校锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷芨锟斤拷锟侥癸拷锟斤拷 PostScript 锟斤拷锟皆碉拷细锟节★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节斤拷锟杰癸拷锟节憋拷锟侥碉拷锟轿猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷徒锟斤拷椤�

锟斤拷 Jorge M.Paulo 锟斤拷Jose Quesada锟斤拷锟斤拷