lf295, SoftwareDevelopment: 锟斤拷GTK锟斤拷写GUI锟斤拷锟斤拷

<-- | 锟斤拷页 | 站锟斤拷锟酵� | 锟斤拷锟斤拷 | 锟斤拷锟斤拷

This document is available in: English Castellano ChineseGB Deutsch Francais Italiano Nederlands Russian Turkce Polish

by Özcan Güngör
<ozcangungor(at)netscape.net>

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷:
锟揭达拷1997锟疥开始使锟斤拷Linux.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭匡拷锟斤拷源锟斤拷,锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷喜锟斤拷锟斤拷.
目录:

什么锟斤拷GTK?
锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟脚号猴拷锟铰硷拷(Signals and Events)
锟斤拷通锟斤拷钮锟斤拷A ordinary button锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷篇锟斤拷锟铰凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷GTK锟斤拷写GUI锟斤拷锟斤拷

摘要:

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较碉拷锟斤拷锟�,锟斤拷锟角斤拷要学习锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷GTK锟斤拷写图锟斤拷锟矫伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷.锟斤拷锟皆硷拷也锟斤拷知锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷写锟洁长.为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰碉拷C锟斤拷锟斤拷知识

锟斤拷锟斤拷(Variables)
锟斤拷锟斤拷(Functions)
指锟斤拷(Pointers)

_________________ _________________ _________________

什么锟斤拷GTK?

GTK(GIMP Toolkit,GIMP锟斤拷锟竭帮拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷图锟斤拷锟矫伙拷锟斤拷锟芥开锟斤拷锟斤拷图锟轿匡拷.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷GPL锟斤拷GNU锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷协锟介）锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞癸拷锟紾TK锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷源锟斤拷,锟斤拷训锟�,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷业锟侥筹拷锟斤拷.

之锟斤拷锟皆筹拷锟斤拷为GIMP锟斤拷锟竭帮拷(GTK)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷为GTK锟斤拷锟斤拷时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥匡拷锟斤拷锟轿拷丝锟斤拷锟紾IMP锟斤拷锟斤拷(通锟斤拷图锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷).GTK锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷:

GTK锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(object-oriented)锟侥筹拷锟斤拷锟矫伙拷锟接匡拷.锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟斤拷C锟斤拷锟斤拷写锟缴碉拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(classes)锟酵回碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(callback function)锟斤拷思锟斤拷.

锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷GTK锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞憋拷锟�,锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷gcc锟斤拷使锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷GTK锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷木锟斤拷锟轿伙拷锟�,锟斤拷gtk-config 锟斤拷锟斤拷"知锟斤拷"锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟�

# gtk-config --cflags --libs

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较低�) :

-I/opt/gnome/include/gtk-1.2 -I/opt/gnome/include/glib-1.2 -I/opt/gnome/lib/glib /include -I/usr/X11R6/include -L/opt/gnome/lib -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lgtk -lgdk -rdynamic -lgmodule -lglib -ldl -l Xext -lX11 -lm

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷:

-l library: 锟斤拷预锟斤拷锟斤拷路锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭匡拷锟斤拷为liblibrary.a锟侥匡拷.
-L path: 锟斤拷锟斤拷路锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰凤拷锟斤拷锟�.
-I path: 锟斤拷锟斤拷路锟斤拷锟斤拷头锟侥硷拷锟侥诧拷锟斤拷路锟斤拷锟斤拷

要锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷为hello.c锟侥筹拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷:

gcc -o hello hello.c `gtk-config --cflags --libs`

锟斤拷锟斤拷-o锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷潜锟斤拷锟侥斤拷锟斤拷募锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�.

锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟角硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较低筹拷锇沧帮拷锟紾TK.锟斤拷锟皆达拷ftp.gtk.org锟侥碉拷GTK锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰版本.

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷写锟铰碉拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷虼唇锟揭伙拷锟�200x200锟斤拷锟截达拷目沾锟斤拷锟�.

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

int main( int   argc,
          char *argv[] )
{
    GtkWidget *window;

    gtk_init (&argc, &argv);

    window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_widget_show  (window);

    gtk_main ();

    return(0);
}

GtkWidget锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟今窗匡拷(window),锟斤拷钮(button),锟斤拷签(label)锟饺碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�, 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷.:

GtkWidget *window;

void gtk_init(int *argc,char ***argv) 锟斤拷始锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭帮拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷取锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫诧拷锟斤拷.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷使锟斤拷

GtkWidget *gtk_window_new(GtkWindowType windowtype) 锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟铰的达拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵ｏ拷windowtype)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷:

GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL
GTK_WINDOW_DIALOG
GTK_WINDOW_POPUP

void gtk_widget_show(GtkWidget *widget) 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷锟斤拷锟�.锟节达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷缘锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷捅锟斤拷锟揭拷玫锟�.

void gtk_main(void) 准锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节猴拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞撅拷锟斤拷锟侥伙拷锟�,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紾TK锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�.

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷一些锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(titles),锟竭达拷(size),位锟斤拷(position)...

void gtk_window_set_title(GtkWindow *window,const gchar *title) 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟借定锟斤拷锟斤拷拇锟斤拷锟�window锟侥憋拷锟斤拷. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷牡锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭拷锟斤拷锟紾TKWindow锟斤拷锟酵碉拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 window 锟斤拷 GtkWidget 锟斤拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节憋拷锟斤拷时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角伙拷锟斤拷说玫锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�.锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟侥斤拷锟斤拷募锟斤拷锟饺伙拷强锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷械锟�,锟斤拷锟斤拷没锟斤拷锟斤拷约锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�.锟斤拷锟揭癸拷锟紾TK_WINDOW(GtkWidget *widget)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷. 锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 title锟斤拷gchar锟斤拷.gchar锟斤拷glib锟斤拷锟叫讹拷锟藉，锟斤拷锟斤拷char锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷.

void gtk_window_set_default_size(GtkWindow *window, gint width, gint height) 锟借定window锟侥尺达拷.锟斤拷gchar一锟斤拷,gint锟斤拷锟斤拷glib锟斤拷锟叫讹拷锟斤拷暮锟絠nt一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 .

锟斤拷锟斤拷

void gtk_window_set_position(GtkWindow *window, GtkWindowPosition position)

锟借定window锟斤拷位锟斤拷.position 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷:

GTK_WIN_POS_NONE
GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER
GTK_WIN_POS_MOUSE
GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER_ALWAYS

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷:

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

int main( int   argc,
          char *argv[] )
{
    GtkWidget *window;

    gtk_init (&argc, &argv);

    window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"Ýlk Program");
    gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
    gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),300,300);
    gtk_widget_show  (window);

    gtk_main ();

    return(0);
}

锟脚号猴拷锟铰硷拷(Signals and Events)

锟斤拷图锟斤拷锟矫伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟矫碉拷锟斤拷锟酵硷拷锟教★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷说锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷园锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟脚ワ拷锟轿拷耍锟斤拷牵裕锟斤拷峁╋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷碌暮锟斤拷锟�:

guint gtk_signal_connect_object(GtkObject *object,const gchar *name,GtkSignalFu nc func,GtkObject *slot_object);

object 锟角凤拷锟斤拷锟脚号碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷知锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷钮锟角凤拷锟窖憋拷锟斤拷锟铰ｏ拷锟斤拷么 object锟斤拷为锟角革拷锟斤拷钮锟斤拷锟斤拷name 锟斤拷锟铰硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角ｏ拷

event
button_press_event
button_release_event
motion_notify_event
delete_event
destroy_event
expose_event
key_press_event
key_release_event
enter_notify_event
leave_notify_event
configure_event
focus_in_event
focus_out_event
map_event
unmap_event
property_notify_event
selection_clear_event
selection_request_event
selection_notify_event
proximity_in_event
proximity_out_event
drag_begin_event
drag_request_event
drag_end_event
drop_enter_event
drop_leave_event
drop_data_available_event
other_event

func 锟斤拷锟铰硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷时锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫的猴拷锟斤拷:锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接ｏ拷

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

void close( GtkWidget *widget,gpointer *data)
{
    gtk_main_quit();
}

int main( int   argc,char *argv[] )
{
    GtkWidget *window;

    gtk_init (&argc, &argv);

    window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (window), "destroy",
                        GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (close), NULL);
    gtk_widget_show  (window);

    gtk_main ();

    return(0);
}

锟斤拷锟斤拷

gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (window), "destroy",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (close), NULL)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷window锟斤拷destroy锟铰硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节关憋拷时锟斤拷 close 锟酵会被锟斤拷锟斤拷.锟斤拷 close 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街碉拷锟斤拷 gtk_main_quit() 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷.

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰硷拷锟斤拷锟脚号碉拷细锟节斤拷锟斤拷锟皆猴拷锟斤拷埽锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷通锟斤拷钮锟斤拷A ordinary button锟斤拷

锟斤拷通锟斤拷钮一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷时锟矫筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟介．锟斤拷GTK锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街凤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷钮:

GtkWidget* gtk_button_new (void);
GtkWidget* gtk_button_new_with_label (const gchar *label);

锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷没锟叫憋拷签锟侥帮拷钮锟斤拷锟斤拷锟芥不锟斤拷示锟轿何讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷签锟侥猴拷锟斤拷 (锟街凤拷锟斤拷label锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷).

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷墙锟绞癸拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷碌暮锟斤拷锟�:

void gtk_container_add(GtkContainer *container,GtkWidget *widget)

使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷源锟斤拷锟斤拷诖锟斤拷冢锟揭伙拷锟侥ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟侥帮拷钮锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�.锟节斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷前锟脚ワ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷墙锟斤拷锟斤拷院锟窖帮拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭恍╋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟斤拷钮锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭拷锟斤拷锟斤拷欠锟斤拷丫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷使锟斤拷gtk_signal_connect 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷实锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥匡拷锟�.使锟斤拷gtk_signal_connect锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷执锟叫★拷锟斤拷锟截★拷锟节帮拷钮锟斤拷墓锟斤拷堋锟� 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟津单碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷:

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

void close( GtkWidget *widget,gpointer *data)
{
    gtk_main_quit();
}

void clicked(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer *data)
{
        g_print("Button Clicked\n");
}
int main( int   argc,char *argv[] )
{
    GtkWidget *window,*button;

    gtk_init (&argc, &argv);

    window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (window), "destroy",
                        GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (close), NULL);

    button=gtk_button_new_with_label("Button");
    gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),button);
    gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
                       GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(clicked),NULL);
    gtk_widget_show(button);

    gtk_widget_show(window);

    gtk_main ();

    return(0);
}

锟斤拷锟斤拷篇锟斤拷锟铰凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

每篇锟斤拷锟铰讹拷锟叫革拷锟皆的凤拷锟斤拷页锟芥。锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭筹拷锟斤拷铮拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷峤伙拷锟斤拷郏锟揭诧拷锟斤拷圆榭达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷叩锟斤拷锟斤拷郏锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷页锟斤拷

<--, back to the index of this issue

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷息:

tr --> -- : Özcan Güngör <ozcangungor(at)netscape.net>

tr --> en: Özcan Güngör <ozcangungor(at)netscape.net>

en --> zh: phenix <taiji017(at)163.com>

2004-03-18, generated by lfparser version 2.46